Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic birds in middle Euphrates region of Iraq by using poltmerase chain reaction technique

Abstract

The current study was conducted to detection the Toxoplasma gondii in five species of avian including , Gallus gallus domesticus , Meleagris galbpavol , Anser anser , Anasplatyrhychos domesticus and Columba livia in middle Euphrates province of Iraq ,during 2012-2013 by using conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction to detect of B1 gene which was specific gene of T.gondii in blood samples of avian . A total of 400 Avian , collected , including 80 samples of each species (20 samples of chicken , Turkey , geese , and Ducks) of each province of middle Euphrates (AL-Diwania , Babylon , AL-Najaf and Karbala) in addition to 80 samples of pigeons from the center of AL-Diwania province.
The results of 400 blood samples of avian were showed there were 38 samples (%9.5) gave positive result , include ,14 (% 17.5) from chicken , 12 (%15) from Turkey , 8 (%10) from geese , 4 (%5) from pigeon ,whereas the results were showed the B1 gene was not present in the blood samples of ducks and .
the highest percentage was recorded in chicken %17.5,whereas the lowest percentages were %5 in pigeon.
Also the results were showed the percentage of four types of avian (except pigeons ) according to the provinces were, the percentages were %16.25(High percentage) , %5 (Low percentage) ,% 6.25 ,% 15 in Karbala, AL-Najaf AL-Diwania , Babylon province. The results showed ,the percentage of infection in the samples areas were highest
(%17.5) whereas in the urban areas were lowest (%12.5) polymerase chain reaction.